Details that are easily overlooked in mechanical design
Errors frequently occur in mechanical processes, such as manufacturing incorrect parts, drilling incorrect holes, omitting dimension markings, and selecting an undersized motor. To reduce these issues, attention must be paid to easily overlooked design details. The following design considerations can help address common mechanical errors:
1. Design lubrication points for rotating parts (manual or automatic).
2. Design safety covers (with observation doors) for rotating parts.
3. Design lifting bolt holes or lugs for parts weighing over 20 kg:
Safety: Lifting bolt holes ensure stable and safe securing and movement of parts during lifting, preventing accidental falls or damage.
Convenience: Lifting bolt holes or lifting lugs provide convenient connection points for lifting parts, making lifting operations more efficient and faster.
Protecting parts: A well-designed lifting system reduces impact and vibration on components during lifting, protecting components from damage.
4. Bearing housing mounting position design and load-bearing adjustment bolts
5. Connection surface design for adjusting shims involving height changes or adjustments
6. Bolted connection design for locating pins or locating blocks
7. Distinguish between field welding and factory welding:
Field welding: Typically performed outdoors or at construction sites, where environmental conditions may be harsh, such as large temperature fluctuations, wind, high humidity, and dust. These environmental factors can affect welding quality and efficiency.
Field welding: Typically performed outdoors or at construction sites, where environmental conditions may be harsh, such as large temperature fluctuations, wind, high humidity, and dust. These environmental factors can affect welding quality and efficiency.
Factory welding: Conducted in a controlled factory environment, where environmental parameters such as temperature, humidity, and wind speed are maintained within specific ranges to ensure the stability of the welding process and the quality of the welds.
8. Specify special welding requirements not applicable to general welding.
9. Sectional view of oil seal to show its direction.
10. Double nut loosening design for large component connections.
11. Specify unpainted areas.
12. Movement range (starting and ending positions) and trajectory of moving parts.
13. Safety design for working and non-working states.
14. Strengthen load-bearing parts (e.g., stiffeners) and weaken non-load-bearing parts (e.g., weight-reducing holes): The main function of stiffeners is to increase the strength and rigidity of local areas to withstand greater loads and stresses. Through proper stiffener design, the load-bearing capacity and stability of the structure can be significantly improved without increasing the overall material usage.
The main function of weight-reducing holes is to reduce the overall weight by removing some non-load-bearing material without affecting the load-bearing capacity and stability of the structure. This helps reduce product costs, improve energy efficiency, and enhance environmental performance.
15. Improve design linear tolerances, fit tolerances, and geometric tolerances.
16. Rationally design machining roughness: Surface roughness reflects the irregularity of the micro-geometry of the machined surface, i.e., the peak-to-valley spacing and minute unevenness. The smaller this irregularity, the higher the surface precision.
17. Accurately write technical specifications.
